**环境配置** |IP地址 |机器名称 | 机器配置 | 操作系统 | 机器角色 | etcd规划 | | :------------: | :------------: | :------------: | :------------: | :------------: | :------------: | |192.168.1.21 | master1 | 4C4G |CentOS 7.9 | master |etcd-1 | |192.168.1.22 | node1 | 4C4G |CentOS 7.9 | worker |etcd-2 | |192.168.1.23 | node2 | 4C4G |CentOS 7.9 | worker |etcd-3 | ------------ ------------ # 一、环境准备 **服务器要求:** 每个节点至少2核CPU、2G内存 服务器最好可以访问外网,会有从网上拉取镜像需求,如果服务器不能上网,需要提前下载对应镜像并导入节点 **准备工作** 以下操作,在所有节点操作 关闭防火墙 ```shell systemctl stop firewalld systemctl disable firewalld ``` 关闭selinux ```shell sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config ``` 关闭swap ```shell sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab ``` 根据规划设置主机名 ```shell hostnamectl set-hostname ``` 在master添加hosts或者在所有节点添加hosts ```shell cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF 192.168.1.21 master1 192.168.1.22 node1 192.168.1.23 node2 EOF ``` 在所有节点设置,将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables ```shell cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1 EOF sysctl --system ``` 时间同步 ```shell ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime ``` 最后重启下机器,使配置生效 ```shell reboot ``` # 二、安装etcd集群 Etcd是一个分布式键值存储系统,Kubernetes使用Etcd进行数据存储,所以先准备一个Etcd数据库,为解决Etcd单点故障,应采用集群方式部署,这里使用3台组建集群,可容忍1台机器故障,当然,你也可以使用5台组建集群,可容忍2台机器故障。 *注:为了节省机器,这里与K8s节点机器复用。也可以独立于k8s集群之外部署,只要apiserver能连接到就行。* ## 1、准备cfssl证书生成工具 cfssl是一个开源的证书管理工具,使用json文件生成证书,相比openssl更方便使用。 **以下在Master节点上操作。** ```shell mkdir -p /home/tools && cd /home/tools wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64 wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64 wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 chmod +x cfssl_linux-amd64 cfssljson_linux-amd64 cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssljson mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl-certinfo ``` ## 2、生成Etcd证书 **自签证书颁发机构(CA)** 创建工作目录 ```shell mkdir -p ~/TLS/{etcd,k8s} cd ~/TLS/etcd ``` 自签CA ```shell cat > ca-config.json << EOF { "signing": { "default": { "expiry": "87600h" }, "profiles": { "www": { "expiry": "87600h", "usages": [ "signing", "key encipherment", "server auth", "client auth" ] } } } } EOF cat > ca-csr.json << EOF { "CN": "etcd CA", "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "L": "Shanghai", "ST": "Shanghai" } ] } EOF ``` 生成证书,会生成ca.pem和ca-key.pem文件。 ```shell cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca - ``` **使用自签CA签发Etcd HTTPS证书** 创建证书申请文件 ```shell cat > server-csr.json << EOF { "CN": "etcd", "hosts": [ "192.168.1.21", "192.168.1.22", "192.168.1.23" ], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "L": "ShangHai", "ST": "ShangHai" } ] } EOF ``` *注:上述文件hosts字段中IP为所有etcd节点的集群内部通信IP,一个都不能少!为了方便后期扩容可以多写几个预留的IP。*`` 生成证书,会生成server.pem和server-key.pem文件。 ```shell cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server ``` ## 3、从Github下载二进制文件 下载地址:https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.4.9/etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz ```shell cd /home/tools wget https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.4.9/etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz ``` ## 4、部署Etcd集群 **以下在master上操作,为简化操作,待会将master生成的所有文件拷贝到node1和node2。** 创建工作目录并解压二进制包 ```shell mkdir /opt/etcd/{bin,cfg,ssl} -p tar zxvf etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz mv etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64/{etcd,etcdctl} /opt/etcd/bin/ ``` 创建etcd配置文件 ```shell cat > /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf << EOF #[Member] ETCD_NAME="etcd-1" ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd" ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.1.21:2380" ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.1.21:2379" #[Clustering] ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.1.21:2380" ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.1.21:2379" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.1.21:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.1.22:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.1.23:2380" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new" EOF ``` *注: ETCD_NAME:节点名称,集群中唯一 ETCD_DATA_DIR:数据目录 ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS:集群通信监听地址 ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS:客户端访问监听地址 ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS:集群通告地址 ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS:客户端通告地址 ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER:集群节点地址 ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN:集群Token ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE:加入集群的当前状态,new是新集群,existing表示加入已有集群* ## 5、systemd管理etcd ```shell cat > /lib/systemd/system/etcd.service << EOF [Unit] Description=Etcd Server After=network.target After=network-online.target Wants=network-online.target [Service] Type=notify EnvironmentFile=/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd \ --cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \ --key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \ --peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \ --peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \ --trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \ --peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \ --logger=zap Restart=on-failure LimitNOFILE=65536 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF ``` ## 6、拷贝并启动 拷贝刚才生成的证书,把刚才生成的证书拷贝到配置文件中的路径 ```shell cp ~/TLS/etcd/ca*pem ~/TLS/etcd/server*pem /opt/etcd/ssl/ ``` 在master上操作,将上面master节点所有生成的文件拷贝到node2和node3 ```shell scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.1.22:/opt/ scp /lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.1.22:/lib/systemd/system/ scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.1.23:/opt/ scp /lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.1.23:/lib/systemd/system/ ``` 然后在node1和node2分别修改etcd.conf配置文件中的节点名称和当前服务器IP 在node1上执行 ```shell sed -i '4,9s/192.168.1.21/192.168.1.22/' /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf sed -i '2s/etcd-1/etcd-2/' /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf ``` 在node2上执行 ```shell sed -i '4,9s/192.168.1.21/192.168.1.23/' /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf sed -i '2s/etcd-1/etcd-3/' /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf ``` 在所有节点上,启动并设置开机启动 ```shell systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start etcd systemctl enable etcd ``` ## 7、查看集群状态 注意把IP替换下 ```shell [root@master1 tools]# ETCDCTL_API=3 /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.1.21:2379,https://192.168.1.22:2379,https://192.168.1.23:2379" endpoint health --write-out=table +---------------------------+--------+------------+-------+ | ENDPOINT | HEALTH | TOOK | ERROR | +---------------------------+--------+------------+-------+ | https://192.168.1.21:2379 | true | 7.874612ms | | | https://192.168.1.23:2379 | true | 5.476967ms | | | https://192.168.1.22:2379 | true | 9.30549ms | | +---------------------------+--------+------------+-------+ [root@master1 tools]# ``` # 三、安装docker 解压安装 下载地址:https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/docker-19.03.9.tgz 以下在所有节点操作。这里采用二进制安装,用yum安装也一样。node节点没有tools目录的,放/root下也可以。 ```shell cd /home/tools wget https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/docker-19.03.9.tgz tar zxvf docker-19.03.9.tgz mv docker/* /usr/bin ``` systemd管理docker ```shell cat > /lib/systemd/system/docker.service << EOF [Unit] Description=Docker Application Container Engine Documentation=https://docs.docker.com After=network-online.target firewalld.service Wants=network-online.target [Service] Type=notify ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID LimitNOFILE=infinity LimitNPROC=infinity LimitCORE=infinity TimeoutStartSec=0 Delegate=yes KillMode=process Restart=on-failure StartLimitBurst=3 StartLimitInterval=60s [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF ``` 创建配置文件,registry-mirrors 阿里云镜像加速器 ```shell mkdir /etc/docker cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF { "registry-mirrors": ["https://b9pmyelo.mirror.aliyuncs.com"] } EOF ``` 启动并设置开机启动 ```shell systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start docker systemctl enable docker ``` # 四、安装master节点 ## 1、生成kube-apiserver证书 自签证书颁发机构(CA) ```shell cd ~/TLS/k8s cat > ca-config.json << EOF { "signing": { "default": { "expiry": "87600h" }, "profiles": { "kubernetes": { "expiry": "87600h", "usages": [ "signing", "key encipherment", "server auth", "client auth" ] } } } } EOF cat > ca-csr.json << EOF { "CN": "kubernetes", "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "L": "Shanghai", "ST": "Shanghai", "O": "k8s", "OU": "System" } ] } EOF ``` 生成证书 ```shell cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca - ``` 使用自签CA签发kube-apiserver HTTPS证书 创建证书申请文件 ```shell cat > server-csr.json << EOF { "CN": "kubernetes", "hosts": [ "10.0.0.1", "127.0.0.1", "192.168.1.21", "192.168.1.22", "192.168.1.23", "kubernetes", "kubernetes.default", "kubernetes.default.svc", "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster", "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local" ], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "L": "ShangHai", "ST": "ShangHai", "O": "k8s", "OU": "System" } ] } EOF ``` ***注:上述文件hosts字段中IP为所有Master/Node IP,一个都不能少!为了方便后期扩容可以多写几个预留的IP。*** 生成证书 ```shell cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server ``` ## 2、从Github下载二进制文件 下载地址: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG/CHANGELOG-1.20.md ***注:打开链接你会发现里面有很多包,下载一个server包就够了,包含了Master和Worker Node二进制文件。*** ```shell cd /home/tools wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.20.4/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs} tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz cd kubernetes/server/bin cp kube-apiserver kube-scheduler kube-controller-manager /opt/kubernetes/bin cp kubectl /usr/bin/ ``` ## 3、部署kube-apiserver 创建配置文件 ```shell cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf << EOF KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\ --v=2 \\ --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\ --etcd-servers=https://192.168.1.21:2379,https://192.168.1.22:2379,https://192.168.1.23:2379 \\ --bind-address=192.168.1.21 \\ --secure-port=6443 \\ --advertise-address=192.168.1.21 \\ --allow-privileged=true \\ --service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\ --enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \\ --authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \\ --enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \\ --token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \\ --service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \\ --kubelet-client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\ --kubelet-client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\ --tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\ --tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\ --client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\ --service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\ --service-account-issuer=api \\ --service-account-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\ --etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \\ --etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \\ --etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \\ --requestheader-client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\ --proxy-client-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\ --proxy-client-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\ --requestheader-allowed-names=kubernetes \\ --requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra- \\ --requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group \\ --requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User \\ --enable-aggregator-routing=true \\ --audit-log-maxage=30 \\ --audit-log-maxbackup=3 \\ --audit-log-maxsize=100 \\ --audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s-audit.log" EOF ``` 注:上面两个\ \ 第一个是转义符,第二个是换行符,使用转义符是为了使用EOF保留换行符。 –logtostderr:启用日志 —v:日志等级 –log-dir:日志目录 –etcd-servers:etcd集群地址 –bind-address:监听地址 –secure-port:https安全端口 –advertise-address:集群通告地址 –allow-privileged:启用授权 –service-cluster-ip-range:Service虚拟IP地址段 –enable-admission-plugins:准入控制模块 –authorization-mode:认证授权,启用RBAC授权和节点自管理 –enable-bootstrap-token-auth:启用TLS bootstrap机制 –token-auth-file:bootstrap token文件 –service-node-port-range:Service nodeport类型默认分配端口范围 –kubelet-client-xxx:apiserver访问kubelet客户端证书 –tls-xxx-file:apiserver https证书 1.20版本必须加的参数:–service-account-issuer,–service-account-signing-key-file –etcd-xxxfile:连接Etcd集群证书 –audit-log-xxx:审计日志 启动聚合层相关配置:–requestheader-client-ca-file,–proxy-client-cert-file,–proxy-client-key-file, –requestheader-allowed-names,–requestheader-extra-headers-prefix,–requestheader-group-headers, –requestheader-username-headers,–enable-aggregator-routing 拷贝刚才生成的证书,把刚才生成的证书拷贝到配置文件中的路径 ```shell cp ~/TLS/k8s/ca*pem ~/TLS/k8s/server*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ ``` **启用 TLS Bootstrapping 机制** TLS Bootstraping:Master apiserver启用TLS认证后,Node节点kubelet和kube-proxy要与kube-apiserver进行通信, 必须使用CA签发的有效证书才可以,当Node节点很多时,这种客户端证书颁发需要大量工作,同样也会增加集群扩展复杂度。 为了简化流程,Kubernetes引入了TLS bootstraping机制来自动颁发客户端证书,kubelet会以一个低权限用户自动向apiserver申请证书, kubelet的证书由apiserver动态签署。所以强烈建议在Node上使用这种方式,目前主要用于kubelet,kube-proxy还是由我们统一颁发一个证书。 创建上述配置文件中token文件 使用urandom,生产token ```shell [root@master1 bin]# head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' ' 9e07e1033e5e8c00e72cb34ecd6b6339 [root@master1 bin]# [root@master1 bin]# cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv << EOF > 9e07e1033e5e8c00e72cb34ecd6b6339,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:node-bootstrapper" > EOF [root@master1 bin]# ``` systemd管理apiserver ```shell cat > /lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service << EOF [Unit] Description=Kubernetes API Server Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes [Service] EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver \$KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS Restart=on-failure [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF ``` 启动并设置开机启动 ```shell systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start kube-apiserver systemctl enable kube-apiserver ``` ## 4、部署kube-controller-manager 创建配置文件(注意这里的--cluster-cidr,后面calico的修改网段要和这里的一样) ```shell cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf << EOF KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\ --v=2 \\ --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\ --leader-elect=true \\ --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig \\ --bind-address=127.0.0.1 \\ --allocate-node-cidrs=true \\ --cluster-cidr=10.25.0.0/16 \\ --service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\ --cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\ --cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\ --root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\ --service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\ --cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s" EOF ``` –kubeconfig:连接apiserver配置文件 –leader-elect:当该组件启动多个时,自动选举(HA) –cluster-signing-cert-file/–cluster-signing-key-file:自动为kubelet颁发证书的CA,与apiserver保持一致 生成kubeconfig文件 生成kube-controller-manager证书 切换工作目录 ```shell cd ~/TLS/k8s ``` 创建证书请求文件 ```shell cat > kube-controller-manager-csr.json << EOF { "CN": "system:kube-controller-manager", "hosts": [], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "L": "ShangHai", "ST": "ShangHai", "O": "system:masters", "OU": "System" } ] } EOF ``` 生成证书 ```shell cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-controller-manager-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-controller-manager ``` 生成kubeconfig文件(以下是shell命令,直接在终端执行,注意修改下 apiserver 的地址) ```shell KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig" KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.1.21:6443" kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \ --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config set-credentials kube-controller-manager \ --client-certificate=./kube-controller-manager.pem \ --client-key=./kube-controller-manager-key.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config set-context default \ --cluster=kubernetes \ --user=kube-controller-manager \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} ``` systemd管理controller-manager ```shell cat > /lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service << EOF [Unit] Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes [Service] EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager \$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS Restart=on-failure [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF ``` 启动并设置开机启动 ```shell systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start kube-controller-manager systemctl enable kube-controller-manager ``` ## 5、部署kube-scheduler 创建配置文件 ```shell cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf << EOF KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\ --v=2 \\ --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\ --leader-elect \\ --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig \\ --bind-address=127.0.0.1" EOF ``` –kubeconfig:连接apiserver配置文件 –leader-elect:当该组件启动多个时,自动选举(HA) **生成kubeconfig文件** 生成kube-scheduler证书 切换工作目录 ```shell cd ~/TLS/k8s ``` 创建证书请求文件 ```shell cat > kube-scheduler-csr.json << EOF { "CN": "system:kube-scheduler", "hosts": [], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "L": "ShangHai", "ST": "ShangHai", "O": "system:masters", "OU": "System" } ] } EOF ``` 生成证书 ```shell cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-scheduler-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-scheduler ``` 生成kubeconfig文件(以下是shell命令,直接在终端执行,注意修改下 apiserver 的地址) ```shell KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig" KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.1.21:6443" kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \ --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config set-credentials kube-scheduler \ --client-certificate=./kube-scheduler.pem \ --client-key=./kube-scheduler-key.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config set-context default \ --cluster=kubernetes \ --user=kube-scheduler \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} ``` systemd管理scheduler ```shell cat > /lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service << EOF [Unit] Description=Kubernetes Scheduler Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes [Service] EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \$KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS Restart=on-failure [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF ``` 启动并设置开机启动 ```shell systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start kube-scheduler systemctl enable kube-scheduler ``` ## 6、查看集群状态 切换工作目录 ```shell cd ~/TLS/k8s ``` 生成kubectl连接集群的证书 ```shell cat > admin-csr.json < /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf << EOF KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\ --v=2 \\ --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\ --hostname-override=master1 \\ --network-plugin=cni \\ --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \\ --bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \\ --config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml \\ --cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \\ --pod-infra-container-image=xiaoleizhang/pause-amd64:3.0" EOF ``` –hostname-override:显示名称,集群中唯一 –network-plugin:启用CNI –kubeconfig:空路径,会自动生成,后面用于连接apiserver –bootstrap-kubeconfig:首次启动向apiserver申请证书 –config:配置参数文件 –cert-dir:kubelet证书生成目录 –pod-infra-container-image:管理Pod网络容器的镜像 配置参数文件 ```shell cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml << EOF kind: KubeletConfiguration apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1 address: 0.0.0.0 port: 10250 readOnlyPort: 10255 cgroupDriver: cgroupfs clusterDNS: - 10.0.0.2 clusterDomain: cluster.local failSwapOn: false authentication: anonymous: enabled: false webhook: cacheTTL: 2m0s enabled: true x509: clientCAFile: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem authorization: mode: Webhook webhook: cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s evictionHard: imagefs.available: 15% memory.available: 100Mi nodefs.available: 10% nodefs.inodesFree: 5% maxOpenFiles: 1000000 maxPods: 110 EOF ``` 生成kubelet初次加入集群引导kubeconfig文件(以下是shell命令,直接在终端执行,注意修改下 apiserver 的地址,下面的TOKEN与token.csv里保持一致) ```shell KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig" KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.1.21:6443" TOKEN="9e07e1033e5e8c00e72cb34ecd6b6339" ``` 生成 kubelet bootstrap kubeconfig 配置文件(以下是shell命令,直接在终端执行) ```shell kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \ --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config set-credentials "kubelet-bootstrap" \ --token=${TOKEN} \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config set-context default \ --cluster=kubernetes \ --user="kubelet-bootstrap" \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} ``` systemd管理kubelet ```shell cat > /lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service << EOF [Unit] Description=Kubernetes Kubelet After=docker.service [Service] EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet \$KUBELET_OPTS Restart=on-failure LimitNOFILE=65536 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF ``` 启动并设置开机启动 ```shell systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start kubelet systemctl enable kubelet ``` 批准kubelet证书申请并加入集群 查看kubelet证书请求 ```shell [root@master1 bin]# kubectl get csr NAME AGE SIGNERNAME REQUESTOR CONDITION node-csr-v9CU0Aijl6zjXamSrZ0BVoIJyTJm_DTDFe1BSI8mJ_A 8s kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet kubelet-bootstrap Pending [root@master1 bin]# ``` 批准申请(根据自己的name字段改下approve后面那段) ```shell kubectl certificate approve node-csr-v9CU0Aijl6zjXamSrZ0BVoIJyTJm_DTDFe1BSI8mJ_A ``` 查看节点 ```shell [root@master1 bin]# kubectl get nodes NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION master1 NotReady 6s v1.20.4 [root@master1 bin]# ``` *注:由于网络插件还没有部署,节点会没有准备就绪 NotReady* ## 3、部署kube-proxy 创建配置文件 ```shell cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf << EOF KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\ --v=2 \\ --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\ --config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml" EOF ``` 配置参数文件 ```shell cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml << EOF kind: KubeProxyConfiguration apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1 bindAddress: 0.0.0.0 metricsBindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10249 clientConnection: kubeconfig: /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig hostnameOverride: master1 clusterCIDR: 10.0.0.0/24 EOF ``` 生成kube-proxy.kubeconfig文件 生成kube-proxy证书 切换工作目录 ```shell cd ~/TLS/k8s ``` 创建证书请求文件 ```shell cat > kube-proxy-csr.json << EOF { "CN": "system:kube-proxy", "hosts": [], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "L": "ShangHai", "ST": "ShangHai", "O": "k8s", "OU": "System" } ] } EOF ``` 生成证书 ```shell cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy ``` 生成kubeconfig文件(以下是shell命令,直接在终端执行) ```shell KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig" KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.1.21:6443" kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \ --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \ --client-certificate=./kube-proxy.pem \ --client-key=./kube-proxy-key.pem \ --embed-certs=true \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config set-context default \ --cluster=kubernetes \ --user=kube-proxy \ --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG} ``` systemd管理kube-proxy ```shell cat > /lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service << EOF [Unit] Description=Kubernetes Proxy After=network.target [Service] EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy \$KUBE_PROXY_OPTS Restart=on-failure LimitNOFILE=65536 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF ``` 启动并设置开机启动 ```shell systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start kube-proxy systemctl enable kube-proxy ``` ## 4、部署网络组件 在matster节点操作,下载calico ```shell mkdir -p /home/yaml cd /home/yaml wget https://docs.projectcalico.org/v3.14/manifests/calico.yaml --no-check-certificate ``` 修改YAML 下载完后还需要修改里面定义Pod网络(CALICO_IPV4POOL_CIDR),与前面kube-controller-manager配置文件指定的cluster-cidr网段一样 ```shell sed -i "675,676s/# //" calico.yaml sed -i "676s#192.168.0.0/16#10.25.0.0/16#" calico.yaml ``` 应用yaml文件 ```shell kubectl apply -f calico.yaml ``` 完成后,可以通过kubectl get pod查看到ready,如下所示(如果有问题可以kubectl describe pod 看下具体报错) ```shell [root@master1 yaml]# kubectl get pod -n kube-system -o wide NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES calico-kube-controllers-6dfcd885bf-md52f 1/1 Running 0 2m16s 10.25.137.65 master1 calico-node-shdfh 1/1 Running 0 2m16s 192.168.1.21 master1 [root@master1 yaml]# ``` **让kubectl 可以使用tab** ```shell echo "source <(kubectl completion bash)" >> ~/.bashrc && source ~/.bashrc ``` ## 5、授权apiserver访问kubelet 应用场景:例如kubectl logs ```shell cat > apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml << EOF apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRole metadata: annotations: rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true" labels: kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet rules: - apiGroups: - "" resources: - nodes/proxy - nodes/stats - nodes/log - nodes/spec - nodes/metrics - pods/log verbs: - "*" --- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRoleBinding metadata: name: system:kube-apiserver namespace: "" roleRef: apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: ClusterRole name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet subjects: - apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: User name: kubernetes EOF kubectl apply -f apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml ``` ## 6、新增加Worker节点 拷贝已部署好的Node相关文件到新节点 在Master节点将Worker节点涉及文件拷贝到新节点192.168.1.22/23 在master节点上操作,把东西复制到node1 服务器上 ```shell scp -r /opt/kubernetes root@192.168.1.22:/opt/ scp -r /lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service root@192.168.1.22:/lib/systemd/system scp /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem root@192.168.1.22:/opt/kubernetes/ssl ``` 接着在master节点上操作,把东西复制到node2 服务器上 ```shell scp -r /opt/kubernetes root@192.168.1.23:/opt/ scp -r /lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service root@192.168.1.23:/lib/systemd/system scp /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem root@192.168.1.23:/opt/kubernetes/ssl ``` 删除kubelet证书和kubeconfig文件 (2台work节点上执行) ```shell rm -f /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig rm -f /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet* ``` *注:这几个文件是证书申请审批后自动生成的,每个Node不同,必须删除* 修改主机名(node1和node2都修改成各自的名字) ```shell vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf --hostname-override=node1 vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml hostnameOverride: node1 ``` 启动并设置开机启动 ```shell systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start kubelet kube-proxy systemctl enable kubelet kube-proxy ``` 批准kubelet证书申请并加入集群 查看kubelet证书请求 ```shell [root@master1 ~]# kubectl get csr NAME AGE SIGNERNAME REQUESTOR CONDITION node-csr-hO2UFE6kxfAA3yfspdmEi_pWzNzINUfoWRBr-r0xfaY 15s kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet kubelet-bootstrap Pending [root@master1 ~]# ``` 批准申请(根据自己的name字段改下approve后面那段) ```shell kubectl certificate approve node-csr-hO2UFE6kxfAA3yfspdmEi_pWzNzINUfoWRBr-r0xfaY ``` 查看节点**(node2重复操作)** ```shell [root@master1 ~]# kubectl get nodes NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION master1 Ready 19h v1.20.4 node1 Ready 101s v1.20.4 [root@master1 ~]# ``` # 六、验证 ## 1、部署nginx ```shell cat > /home/yaml/nginx.yaml << EOF --- apiVersion: v1 kind: ReplicationController metadata: name: nginx-controller spec: replicas: 2 selector: name: nginx template: metadata: labels: name: nginx spec: containers: - name: nginx image: nginx:1.19.6 ports: - containerPort: 80 --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: nginx-service-nodeport spec: ports: - port: 80 targetPort: 80 nodePort: 30001 protocol: TCP type: NodePort selector: name: nginx EOF kubectl apply -f /home/yaml/nginx.yaml ``` ## 2、验证 查看service和pod ```shell [root@master1 ~]# kubectl get svc NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE kubernetes ClusterIP 10.0.0.1 443/TCP 40h nginx-service-nodeport NodePort 10.0.0.46 80:30001/TCP 34s [root@master1 ~]# [root@master1 ~]# kubectl get pods NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE nginx-controller-985zl 1/1 Running 0 36s nginx-controller-w4n42 1/1 Running 0 36s [root@master1 ~]# ``` 然后就可以通过 nodeip:30001 访问nginx ![node1访问nginx.png](https://www.xiaoleizhang.com/usr/uploads/2022/04/3171257671.png) ![node2访问nginx.png](https://www.xiaoleizhang.com/usr/uploads/2022/04/3586511760.png) **测试成功!!!** 最后修改:2022 年 04 月 15 日 © 允许规范转载 赞 0 如果觉得我的文章对你有用,请随意赞赏